Aikin Tabbataccen Hasken Gani: Madadin Mai Amfani da Kudaden Kayayyaki Ga Ma'adinan Cryptocurrency Mai Cinyewa da Makamashi

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

1. Gabatarwa

Aikin Tabbataccen Hasken Gani (oPoW) yana wakiltar sauyi a tsarin gine-ginen ma'adinan cryptocurrency. Tsarin Aikin Neman Shaida na tushen SHA256 na al'ada, duk da cikin nasarar kare cibiyoyin sadarwa kamar Bitcoin, sun haifar da manyan kalubale na muhalli da haɓakawa. Gane ainihin manufar oPoW shine cewa, yayin da PoW ke buƙatar farashin tattalin arziki, wannan farashin ba lallai ba ne ya zama tushen wutar lantarki ne.

Halittar ma'adinan Bitcoin na yanzu tana cinyewa kusan terawatt-hours 150 a shekara—fiye da yawancin ƙasashe masu matsakaicin girma. Wannan hanyar cinyewa da makamashi ta haifar da tattarawar ma'adinai a yankuna masu arha wutar lantarki, ta haifar da haɗari na tsari da raunuka guda ɗaya. oPoW yana magance waɗannan matsalolin ta hanyar canza nauyin tattalin arziki daga kashe kuɗin aiki (OPEX) zuwa kashe kuɗin jari (CAPEX) ta hanyar kayan aikin silicon photonic na musamman.

2. Tsarin Fasaha

2.1 Algorithm na Aikin Tabbataccen Hasken Gani

Algorithm ɗin oPoW yana kiyaye daidaito da tsarin tushen Hashcash na yanzu yayin da yake inganta don lissafin hoto. Babban ƙirƙira yana cikin daidaita tsarin ma'adinai don amfani da fa'idodin ƙwaƙƙwaran lissafin hoto, musamman a cikin sarrafa layi daya da ingantaccen amfani da makamashi.

Ba kamar ma'adinan ASIC na al'ada waɗanda ke yin lissafin hash a jere ba, oPoW yana amfani da haɗakar tsayawar raƙuman ruwa da nau'ikan tsangwama na gani don sarrafa mafita masu yawa a lokaci guda. Wannan hanyar layi daya tana rage yawan amfani da makamashi sosai yayin kiyaye wahalar lissafi da ake buƙata.

2.2 Gine-ginen Silicon Photonic

Tushen kayan aikin oPoW ya ginu akan binciken silicon photonics na shekaru ashirin. Na'urorin lissafi na silicon photonic na kasuwanci, waɗanda aka fara haɓaka don aikace-aikacen koyo mai zurfi, suna ba da tushen fasaha ga ma'adinan oPoW. Waɗannan da'irori suna amfani da photons maimakon electrons don yin ƙwarewar lissafi tare da ingantaccen amfani da makamashi.

Muhimman abubuwan da aka haɗa sun haɗa da:

• Madogaran haske don watsa siginar
• Na'urori masu tsangwama na Mach-Zehnder don lissafi
• Na'urori masu ja da baya na zobe don sarrafa tsayawar raƙuman ruwa
• Masu gano hoto na Jamus don jujjuywa fitarwa

3. Sakamakon Gwaji

Ƙungiyar bincike ta haɓaka wani ƙirar oPoW mai aiki (Hoto 1) wanda ke nuna manyan fa'idodi akan kayan aikin ma'adinai na al'ada:

Bayanan gwaji sun nuna cewa oPoW yana cimma ingantaccen amfani da makamashi na 0.05 J/GH idan aka kwatanta da 0.3 J/GH na ma'adinan ASIC na zamani. Wannan ci gaban sau 6 a ingantaccen amfani da makamashi yana zuwa tare da kwararar lissafi makamancin haka, yana sa oPoW ya dace musamman ga yankuna masu tsadar wutar lantarki.

4. Aiwalar Fasaha

4.1 Tushen Lissafi

Algorithm ɗin oPoW ya ginu akan Aikin Neman Shaida na al'ada amma yana gabatar da ingantattun abubuwan da suka dace da gani. Babban lissafin ya ƙunshi nemo nonce $n$ kamar haka:

$H(H(block\_header || n)) < target$

Inda $H$ shine aikin hash da aka inganta don lissafin hoto. Aiwar gani tana amfani da ka'idodin optics na Fourier, inda ake wakiltar lissafin hash kamar haka:

$I(x,y) = |\mathcal{F}\{P(z)\}|^2$

Inda $P(z)$ yana wakiltar tsarin filin gani da ya dace da mafita ɗan takara, kuma $I(x,y)$ shine sakamakon tsarin ƙarfi da ake amfani dashi don tantance inganci.

4.2 Aiwalar Lambar

Mai zuwa pseudocode yana kwatanta algorithm ɗin ma'adinan oPoW:

aiki opticalPoW(block_header, target) {
    // Fara na'urar sarrafa hoto
    photonic_processor = initOpticalProcessor();
    
    // Saita tashoshi masu tsayawar raƙuman ruwa
    wavelengths = configureWDM(64); // tashoshi layi daya 64
    
    yayin (gaskiya) {
        // Samar da 'yan takara nonces a layi daya
        candidates = generateParallelNonces(wavelengths);
        
        // Lissafa hash na gani a layi daya
        results = photonic_processor.parallelHash(block_header, candidates);
        
        // Duba ingantaccen mafita
        for (i = 0; i < results.length; i++) {
            if (results[i] < target) {
                mayar da candidates[i];
            }
        }
        
        // Sabunta tushen nonce don juzu'i na gaba
        updateNonceBasis();
    }
}

5. Ayyukan Gaba

Fasahar oPoW tana da tasiri fiye da ma'adinan cryptocurrency. Gine-ginen lissafin hoto mai ingantaccen makamashi za a iya amfani dashi ga:

• Lissafin Gefe: Ƙananan nodes na blockchain don aikace-aikacen IoT
• Cibiyoyin Bayanai na Kore: Rage lissafin makamashi don ayyuka daban-daban
• Aikace-aikacen Sararin Samaniya: Lissafi mai tauri da radiation don tsarin tauraron dan adam
• Na'urorin Likita: Lissafi mai aminci mara ƙarfi don tsarin kiwon lafiya

Ƙungiyar bincike tana hasashen cewa a cikin shekaru 3-5, fasahar oPoW za ta iya ba da damar ayyukan ma'adinai a cikin birane masu tsadar wutar lantarki, haɓaka raba yankuna da rage haɗarin tsari.

6. Bincike Mai Zurfi

7. Bayanan