Ingantacciyar Algorithm ɗin Haɗin Cryptocurrency don Na'urorin IoT

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

Dandamali 4 An Gwada Su

PC, ESP32, Emulator, PSP

Babu Ma'ajiyar Blockchain

Babu buƙatar saukar da blockchain na gida

Aiwar Mai ɗaukuwa

Yana aiki akan kowace na'ura mai haɗin intanet

1. Gabatarwa

Ra'ayin kuɗin dijital mara tsakiya wanda Satoshi Nakamoto ya gabatar a cikin 2008 ya kawo sauyi ga tsarin kuɗi ta hanyar fasahar blockchain. Bitcoin, a matsayin ƙwararren cryptocurrency, yana amfani da tsarin yarjejeniya na tabbatar da aiki wanda ke buƙatar albarkatun lissafi masu yawa don ayyukan haɗin ma'adinai. Haɗin ma'adinai na al'ada ya haɗa da saukewa da daidaita ɗaruruwan gigabyte na bayanan blockchain, wanda hakan ya sa ba zai yiwu ba ga na'urorin Intanet na Abubuwa (IoT) waɗanda ke da ƙarancin ajiya da ƙarfin sarrafawa.

Wannan bincike yana magance ƙalubalen asali na aiwatar da haɗin cryptocurrency akan na'urorin IoT masu ƙarancin albarkatu ta hanyar haɓaka ingantaccen algorithm mai ɗaukuwa wanda ke kawar da buƙatar ajiyar blockchain na gida ta hanyar haɗin ƙa'idar Stratum.

2. Dalili

Haɓakar haɓakar cryptocurrency, tare da fiye da kashi 10% na Amurkawa suna zuba jari a cikin kuɗin dijital kwanan nan, yana haifar da dama da ba a taɓa ganin irinta ba ga cibiyoyin sadarwar haɗin ma'adinai. Duk da haka, aiwatar da haɗin ma'adinai na yanzu ba su isa ga biliyoyin na'urorin IoT a duniya ba saboda ƙuntatawa na lissafi da ajiya.

Dalilin binciken ya samo asali ne daga buƙatar ƙaddamar da haɗin cryptocurrency da kuma amfani da babbar hanyar sadarwa na na'urorin IoT da ba a yi amfani da su ba, ƙirƙirar sabbin tsarin tattalin arziki ga masu na'urori yayin haɓaka ƙaddamar da hanyar sadarwar blockchain.

3. Aiwar Fasaha

3.1 Haɗin Ƙa'idar Stratum

Algorithm yana amfani da ƙa'idar haɗin ma'adinai ta Stratum don haɗa na'urorin IoT zuwa tafkunan haɗin ma'adinai ba tare da buƙatar ajiyar blockchain na gida ba. Wannan hanya tana kawar da babbar shamaki ga shigar da IoT cikin haɗin cryptocurrency ta hanyar ba da izinin toshewa ga uwar garken taron yayin da na'urori suka mai da hankali kawai akan lissafin hash.

3.2 Ingantaccen SHA-256

Aiwatar tana fasalta ingantaccen aikin hash ɓoyayyen SHA-256 wanda aka ƙera musamman don tsarin da aka saka waɗanda ba su da ɗakunan ajiya na C na yau da kullun. Tushen ilimin lissafi ya ƙunshi lissafin hash na SHA-256 sau biyu:

$H = SHA256(SHA256(sigogi + prev_hash + merkle_root + timestamp + bits + nonce))$

Inda yanayin da ake buƙata yana buƙatar $H < target$, tare da daidaitaccen wahalar da tafkin haɗin ma'adinai ke daidaitawa akai-akai. Ingantaccen yana mai da hankali kan lissafin ajiya mai inganci da rage zagayowar umarni wanda ya dace da microcontrollers.

4. Sakamakon Gwaji

An gwada algorithm ɗin a duk faɗin dandamali daban-daban guda huɗu wanda ke nuna ƙwararrun ɗaukuwa:

x64 PC: Ayyukan tushe tare da daidaitattun ɗakunan ajiya na SHA-256
ESP32: Na'urar IoT ta zamani wacce ke nuna iyawar haɗin ma'adinai
PSP Emulator: Tabbatar da dacewar dandamali
PlayStation Portable: Na'urar da aka saka ta gado wacce ke tabbatar da yuwuwar ra'ayi

Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ko da na'urori masu ƙarancin wutar lantarki kamar ESP32 da tsohuwar kayan aiki kamar PSP na iya shiga cikin nasara a cikin tafkunan haɗin ma'adinai na Bitcoin, suna cimma ma'aunin hash yayin kiyaye ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki.

Kwatanta Aiki a Duk Faɗin Dandamali

Saitin gwajin ya auna ƙimar hash, amfani da wutar lantarki, da kwanciyar hankali na haɗin kai a duk dandamali. ESP32 ya nuna sakamako masu ban sha'awa musamman tare da ayyukan haɗin ma'adinai mai dorewa yayin kiyaye ƙaramin sawun makamashi.

5. Tsarin Bincike

Hankalin Asali

Wannan binciken yana ƙalubalantar zato na yau da kullun cewa haɗin cryptocurrency yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman, masu ƙarfin wutar lantarki. Nunin aikin haɗin ma'adinai a kan PlayStation Portable mai shekaru goma bai wuce juyin juya hali ba—ya tabbatar da cewa shamakin shiga sune software ne da farko, ba kayan aiki ba.

Kwararar Ma'ana

Aiwatar ta karkata iyakokin IoT ta hanyar ƙa'idar Stratum. Ta hanyar raba ingantaccen blockchain mai ƙarfi daga lissafin hash, marubutan suna ba da damar ko da ƙunƙuntattun na'urori su ba da gudummawa mai ma'ana ga tsaron hanyar sadarwa. Wannan yanke shawara na gine-gine yayi kama da ƙa'idodin lissafi da aka rarraba da ake gani a cikin ayyuka kamar SETI@home, amma ana amfani da su ga yarjejeniyar blockchain.

Ƙarfi & Kurakurai

Ƙarfi: Hanyar da ba ta dogara da dandamali an aiwatar da ita cikin wayo, tare da aiwatar da PSP musamman mai ban sha'awa idan aka yi la'akari da kayan aikinta na zamani na 2004. Kawar da buƙatun ajiyar blockchain yana magance mafi mahimmancin ƙuntatawa na IoT. Samun buɗe ido yana tabbatar da sake haifuwa—wani muhimmin abu da sau da yawa ya ɓace a cikin binciken blockchain.

Kurakurai: Ingantaccen tattalin arziki ya kasance abin shakka. Ko da yake yana yiwuwa a fasaha, ƙimar hash da ake iya samu akan na'urorin IoT bazai tabbatar da farashin makamashi ba, musamman idan aka yi la'akari da wahalar Bitcoin. Takardar kuma ta rage girman buƙatun bandwidth na hanyar sadarwa don ci gaba da sadarwar Stratum, wanda zai iya zama matsala a cikin ƙunƙuntattun yanayin IoT.

Hankali Mai Aiki

Kamfanoni ya kamata su bincika wannan hanyar don amfani da wanzuwar kayan aikin IoT don tabbatar da blockchain maimakon haɗin ma'adinai zalla. Ainihin darajar na iya kasancewa cikin daidaita wannan hanyar don aikace-aikacen blockchain na kasuwanci inda na'urorin IoT ke aiki azaman masu tabbatarwa masu sauƙi. Masu kera su kamata su yi la'akari da gina iyawar haɗin ma'adinai kai tsaye cikin ƙwayoyin IoT na gaba, ƙirƙirar sabbin tsarin kudaden shiga ga masu na'urori.

Misalin Tsarin Bincike

Harka: Kimanta Ingantaccen Haɗin Ma'adinai

Tsarin yana kimanta yuwuwar haɗin ma'adinai ta hanyar ma'auni guda uku masu mahimmanci:

Yawan Lissafi: Ayyukan hash a kowace joule na makamashi
Ingantaccen Hanyar Sadarwa: Ƙarin ƙa'idar Stratum sabanin aikin lissafi
Ƙofar Tattalin Arziki: Mafi ƙarancin ƙimar hash da ake buƙata don riba

Wannan tsari tsari yana ba da damar kwatanta tsarin tsari a duk faɗin dandamali na kayan aiki daban-daban da algorithms na haɗin ma'adinai.

6. Aikace-aikacen Gaba

Binciken ya buɗe hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa da yawa don ci gaba da ci gaba:

Haɗin Lissafi na Gefe: Haɗa haɗin ma'adinai na IoT tare da ayyukan lissafi na gefe don ingantaccen amfani da albarkatu
Haɗin Ma'adinai Mai Sanin Makamashi: Ƙarfin haɗin ma'adinai mai ƙarfi dangane da samuwar makamashi mai sabuntawa
Abokan Ciniki na Blockchain: Ƙara tsawaita hanyar don tallafawa ingantaccen blockchain mai sauƙi fiye da haɗin ma'adinai
Tallafan Kuɗi Da Yawa: Daidaita algorithm ɗin don madadin cryptocurrencies na tabbatar da aiki tare da ayyukan hash daban-daban

Haɗuwar fasahohin IoT da blockchain yana haifar da dama ga hanyoyin sadarwar na'urori masu rarrabawa inda na'urori zasu iya samun cryptocurrency ta hanyar ayyuka daban-daban fiye da haɗin ma'adinai kawai, gami da tabbatar da bayanai, gudummawar ajiya, da karkatar da hanyar sadarwa.

7. Nassoshi

Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: Tsarin Kuɗin Lantarki Abokin-Tare
Antonopoulos, A. M. (2017). Ƙwararrun Bitcoin: Shirye-shiryen Blockchain Buɗe
CoinMarketCap. (2022). Manyan Kasuwannin Cryptocurrency
Cibiyar Bincike ta Pew. (2021). Ƙididdigar Amfani da Zuba Jari na Cryptocurrency
Zhu, L., et al. (2021). Blockchain Mai Sauƙi don Aikace-aikacen IoT. Jaridar Intanet na Abubuwa ta IEEE
Gervais, A., et al. (2016). Kan Tsaro da Aikin Blockchains na Tabbatar da Aiki

Bincike Mai Mahimmanci: Canjin Tsarin Haɗin Ma'adinai na IoT

Wannan binciken yana wakiltar sauyin tsari a cikin gine-ginen haɗin cryptocurrency, yana ƙalubalantar yanayin da ASIC ke mamaye ta hanyar nuna cewa kowane na'ura mai haɗin intanet na iya shiga cikin yarjejeniyar blockchain. Nasarar fasaha ba ta kasance cikin aikin ɗanyan—inda kayan aiki na musamman za su ci gaba da mamayewa—amma a cikin ƙirƙira gine-gine wanda ke sake fasalin iyakokin shiga.

Aiwatar da ƙa'idar Stratum ta cancanci kulawa ta musamman saboda kyawunta wajen warware matsalar ƙuntatawa ta ajiya. Ta hanyar amfani da ƙa'idar da ake amfani da ita ta hanyar ayyukan haɗin ma'adinai na masana'antu, marubutan suna tabbatar da dacewa yayin yin sabon abu akan aiwatar da abokin ciniki. Wannan hanyar ta bambanta da madadin ƙa'idodin blockchain masu sauƙi kamar waɗanda aka gabatar a cikin binciken CycleGAN don ingantaccen sarrafa bayanai, yana nuna yadda za a iya sake amfani da ƙa'idodin da aka kafa don sababbin aikace-aikace.

Duk da haka, binciken tattalin arziki ya kasance giwa a cikin daki. Ko da yake yana yiwuwa a fasaha an nuna shi cikin gamsarwa, lissafin riba ga kowane na'urar IoT yana da ƙalubale idan aka yi la'akari da matakin wahalar Bitcoin. Ainihin dama na iya kasancewa a cikin madadin cryptocurrencies tare da ƙananan wahala ko a cikin aikace-aikacen da ba na kuɗi ba na ainihin fasahar don yarjejeniya da aka rarraba a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar IoT.

Binciken ya yi daidai da manyan abubuwan da suka faru a cikin lissafin gefe da tsarin rarrabawa, mai kama da aikin tushe daga cibiyoyi kamar Lab ɗin Media na MIT kan amfani da albarkatun lissafi na gama gari. Aiwatar akan tsohuwar kayan aiki kamar PSP ya burge ni musamman—yana nuna dacewar baya wanda zai iya haifar da sabon rayuwar tattalin arziki a cikin na'urorin lantarki da suka ƙare, ƙirƙirar ƙima da ba a zata daga fasahar da aka jefar.

Idan muka duba gaba, mafi kyawun aikace-aikacen na iya kasancewa a cikin aiwatar da blockchain na kasuwanci inda binciken farashi-riba ya bambanta da haɗin ma'adinai na jama'a. Na'urorin IoT za su iya zama masu tabbatarwa da aka rarraba don blockchains masu zaman kansu, tare da daidaita algorithm ɗin haɗin ma'adinai don ƙa'idodin jurewar Laifin Byzantine waɗanda suka fi dacewa da buƙatun kasuwanci.